Abiy Ahmed, Ethiopian PM: Declares state of emergency over advance of TPLF

By Cecilia Ologunagba

UN political chief, Rosemary DiCarlo, says the conflict in the Tigray region of Ethiopia has reached “disastrous proportions.”

She warned of “grave uncertainty” surrounding the future of the country and stability of the whole Horn of Africa region.

DiCarlo, Under-Secretary-General for Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, told the Security Council on Monday that the Tigrayan forces had advanced towards Addis Ababa, coordinating with the Oromo Liberation Army.

Fighting began in November 2020 when forces of the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) attacked a federal army base in the region, leading the Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed to order a military offensive against the rebels, which has left thousands dead.

Last week, the UN Human Rights Office reported that the serious violations on all sides might amount to war crimes and crimes against humanity.

The Ethiopian government declared a state of emergency on Nov. 2 after TPLF troops and their allies began pushing south towards the capital, according to news reports.

“The Government of Ethiopia has declared a nationwide state of emergency and has stated it is fighting ‘an existential war”, she said, noting the spread of fighting throughout the country.

“Elsewhere, insecurity in the Oromia region continues to worsen, while the situation in parts of the Benishangul-Gumuz region remains tense.”

Turning to growing speculation on how the crisis would unfold over the coming weeks, the UN official observed that in a country of more than 110 million people, more than 90 different ethnic groups and 80 languages, no one could really predict what continued fighting and insecurity would bring.

However, she said that the political repercussions of intensifying violence in the wider region would be “immense”, compounding the many other crises underway in the Horn of Africa.

“But let me clear: What is certain is that the risk of Ethiopia descending into widening civil war is only too real.

“That would bring about a humanitarian catastrophe and consume the future of such an important country,” she said.

While more than seven million people need humanitarian aid in northern Ethiopia today, efforts to mobilise assistance in Tigray are made more difficult due to the inability to move cash, fuel and supplies into the region.

“No aid trucks have reached Mekelle since Oct. 18 amid continued airstrikes,” DiCarlo said, adding that since strikes on Oct. 22 on the regional capital of Tigray, UN Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS) flights have remained suspended while fuel shipments have been blocked since August.

While some emergency supplies have been moved, it has been four months since the last major shipment of medicines and health supplies into Tigray.

Lack of access has forced humanitarian personnel to scale-back aid, just as life-saving humanitarian needs escalate rapidly in the neighbouring Amhara and Afar regions, as large numbers of people flee the spreading conflict.

Over the weekend, Emergency Relief Coordinator Martin Griffiths, travelled to Ethiopia to review increasing needs and plan for a greater humanitarian response.

“Unfettered access to conflict areas remains key,” underscored DiCarlo.

Recalling last week’s report of the joint UN-Ethiopian Human Rights Commission investigation into the conflict in Tigray, she pointed to the “horrific suffering” of civilians.

“The report concludes that there are reasonable grounds to believe that all parties to the conflict…committed violations of international human rights, humanitarian and refugee law.’’

The UN official added that war crimes and crimes against humanity might also have been committed.

And amidst incidents of hate speech and an alarming increase in targeting ethnic groups “at an alarming rate”, she described the council’s call for refraining from inflammatory speech and incitement to violence as “welcome and timely”.

“There must be an immediate cessation of hostilities,” she said.

She further drew the attention to multiple calls for a lasting ceasefire and for an inclusive intra-Ethiopian dialogue to resolve the crisis, and eventually create the foundation for peace and stability throughout the country.

At the same time, DiCarlo noted that the July elections which returned the Prime Minister’s party to power, securing him another five year term, “demonstrated the people’s commitment to the democratic process.

According to her, the elections highlighted Abiy Ahmed’s commitment to resolving the ongoing challenges and launching a national dialogue.

“The urgency for such an inclusive initiative has never been greater,” she said. (NAN)