Late Robert Mugabe: 14 key things to know about him

Robert Mugabe, Zimbabwe’s first post-independence leader, has died aged 95. Here are key things to know about him as well as key dates in his life as published by the British Broadcasting Corporation

1. Mr Mugabe was born on 21 February 1924 in what was then Rhodesia. The country, once a British colony, was run by a white minority.
2. He was imprisoned for more than a decade without trial after criticising the government of Rhodesia in 1964.
3. He won Zimbabwe’s first election after it secured independence from the UK, becoming prime minister in 1980.
4. Mr Mugabe’s early years were praised for broadening access to health and education for the black majority – but his later years were marked by rights abuses and corruption.
5. In 1973, while still in prison, he was chosen as president of the Zimbabwe African National Union (Zanu), of which he was a founding member.
6. Once released, he headed to Mozambique, directing guerrilla raids into Rhodesia. But he was also seen as a skilled negotiator.
7. Political agreements to end the crisis resulted in the new independent Republic of Zimbabwe.
8. Mr Mugabe, with his high profile in the independence movement, secured an overwhelming victory in the republic’s first election.
9. But over his decades in power, the international perception of Mr Mugabe soured, with an increasing number of critics portraying him as a kind of dictator.
10. In 2000, facing serious political opposition for the first time, he seized white-owned farms to resettle black farmers, causing economic disruption but boosting his popularity among supporters.
11. Around the same time, pro-Mugabe militias used violence to influence political outcomes.
12. In 2008, when he lost the first round of the presidential election, attacks on the opposition resulted in his rival pulling out of the contest.
13. He was forced into sharing power in 2009 amid economic collapse, installing rival Morgan Tsvangirai as prime minister.
14. But in 2017, amid concerns that he was grooming his wife Grace as his successor, the army – his long-time ally – turned against the president and forced him to step down.

 

Robert Mugabe – key dates

1924: Born. Later trains as a teacher

1964: Imprisoned by Rhodesian government

1980: Wins post-independence elections

1996: Marries Grace Marufu

2000: Loses referendum, pro-Mugabe militias invade white-owned farms and attack opposition supporters

2008: Comes second in first round of elections to Tsvangirai who pulls out of run-off amid nationwide attacks on his supporters

2009: Amid economic collapse, swears in Tsvangirai as prime minister, who serves in uneasy government of national unity for four years

2017: Sacks long-time ally Vice-President Emmerson Mnangagwa, paving the way for his wife Grace to succeed him
November 2017: Army intervenes and forces him to step down

Read more at: BBC